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E-Book 3rd Congress

  • The relationship between miRNAs and MM
  • Mohammad Hossein Khazaee Nasirabadi,1,*
    1. Department of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran


  • Introduction: The multistage disease known as multiple myeloma (MM) is defined by the formation and proliferation of monoclonal plasmacytes, which are cells that manufacture monoclonal immunoglobulin or its immunoglobulin fragments. Short (20–22 nucleotides), non-coding RNA molecules known as microRNAs posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression. Cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, hemostasis, oncogenesis, and angiogenesis are all regulated by microRNAs. MicroRNAs are typically negative regulators of gene expression, however, there have been indications that they can also promote translation, suggesting that their roles may be far broader. Changes in the control of transcription may also affect how microRNAs are expressed during the carcinogenesis process. Oncogenes or suppressor genes encode transcription factors that regulate the expression of some microRNAs, whereas changes in the methylation state of promoters affect the expression of other microRNAs. The purpose of this study was the investigate the diagnostic and prognostic roles of miRNAs in MM.
  • Methods: The results of our review were based on an examination of articles that were available in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. We identified these papers using keyword searches on terms like multiple myeloma, microRNA, plasma cell malignancies, and hematological malignancies.
  • Results: Relapsed and/or resistant MM has been associated with decreased miR15a expression. In addition, patients with newly diagnosed MM showed greater expression of miR15a and miR16 compared to the general population. Literature findings also point to a connection between aberrant miRNA17-92 cluster expression and elevated Bcl2 protein antiapoptotic activity. The miRNA193b-365 cluster is similarly overexpressed in MM patients. Compared to the healthy population, this group of patients exhibits significantly increased levels of miR720, miR1308, and miR1246 expression. Hox9, c-Myc, Bcl2, and Shp1/2 are all regulated by the microRNAs miR146b, miR140, miR145, miR125a, miR151, miR223, and miR155, and alterations in their expression may play a role in myeloma genesis and serve as a prognostic indicator. Additionally, Myc activates miR17-92 clusters, and abnormalities in their expression are associated with the development of MM. For the first time, Neri et al. described the connection between abnormalities in microRNA-expression profiles and bortezomib resistance. Additionally, literature studies suggest that miR21 overexpression could result in resistance to apoptosis caused by doxorubicin, bortezomib, and dexamethasone.
  • Conclusion: For many years, researchers have worked to find novel prognostic and predictive indicators in people with hematological systemic illnesses. Even if there have been many reports on this topic, new signs still need to be discovered. MicroRNA could be one of these predictive indicators. Additional investigation is required into the abnormalities of microRNA expression in people with subsequent hematological malignancies.
  • Keywords: hematological malignancies, microRNA, multiple myeloma, plasma cell malignancies