E-Book

E-Book 3rd Congress

  • Therapeutic potential of exfoliated mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp
  • Fatemeh Sadat Shojaeddin,1 Faramarz Khosravi,2,*
    1. Bachelor’s student. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Modern Science and Technologies, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran.
    2. Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.


  • Introduction: Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent cells, which express specific cell surface marker spectrum, have multi-lineage differentiation potential and have exhibited immunomodulatory properties by secreting cytokines. These cells can be obtained from multiple tissues, therefore Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) were selected to investigate ,cause are easy accessible, neurotrophic and originated from the embryonic neural crest, which distinguishes them from other mesenchymal stem cells . Dental MSCs were first isolated from dental pulp of the extracted third molar and till now they have been purified from various dental tissues, including pulp tissue of permanent teeth and exfoliated deciduous teeth. To date, several subpopulations of dental-derived stem cells have been identified, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Interestingly, the majority of dental-derived stem cell subpopulations exhibited the expression of key pluripotency markers, including Nanog, Oct4, Sox-2, SSEA-3, and SSEA-4 this suggests their potential to differentiate into multiple developmental lineages, despite the relatively low expression levels of these markers. Moreover, dental stem cells do not express haematopoietic and lymphocytic markers such as CD14, CD34, CD45, and human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR; <2%). Amongst many potential candidate stem cell types, dental pulp stem cells appear to be the most promising cell lineage due to ameliorate Aβ-induced damage in vitro models by releasing neuroprotective factors such as BDNF, GDNF and NGF among other neurotrophins.
  • Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify studies investigating the role of Therapeutic Potential of exfoliated mesenchymal stem cells from Human Dental Pulp. Electronic databases were searched using relevant keywords, and studies published of PubMed - NCBI and Google Scholar databases- which have done on this issue between 2013 and 2023 were included. The review encompassed in vitro studies, animal models, and clinical trials to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic.
  • Results: In the assessment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse models, Mita et al. (2015) showed that SHED-CM improved cognitive function and attenuated Aβ-induced inflammation, thus protecting the neurons against Aβ toxicity. The study also found that SHED-CM suppressed glutamate-induced neuronal death in primary cerebral neurons derived from mouse embryos. Moreover another study of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in rats showed that SHED-CM promoted the migration and differentiation of endogenous neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs), reduced infarct volume, stimulated vasculogenesis, and subsequently improved motor function recovery . Recent studies have shown the ability of hDPSCs to differentiate into endothelial cells and their angiogenic potential and they were found to secrete vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and generate visible blood vessels in three-dimensional- (3D-) printed HA constructs. The high plasticity of hDPSCs makes them an ideal stem cell source for stem cell-based therapy. Additionally, dental MSCs have a remarkable potential to treat Neural and glandular diseases such as spinal cord injury (SCI) and diabetes which It has been demonstrated that dental MSCs could facilitate functional improvement after SCI in animal models ,further, in a mouse model of streptozocin-induced diabetes, SHED-CM has been shown to promote the proliferation of pancreatic β-cells and enhance insulin secretion.
  • Conclusion: MSCs have multi-lineage differentiation potential, these cells can be obtained from multiple tissues. Easy accessibility, and multi-lineage differentiation potential make dental MSCs distinct from the other hMSCs and an effective tool in stem cell-based therapy. To date, several subpopulations of dental-derived stem cells have been identified, which Amongst many potential candidate dental stem cell types, (DPSCs) appear to be the most promising cell lineage in the treatment of AD and neural disease. Dental MSCs have been a precious stem cell source in regenerative medicine have a great therapeutic application potential in various diseases like SCI and diabetes which has been proved in a mouse model. We are hopeful to see brilliant results in human model in near future.
  • Keywords: Stem cells – Dental MSCs – Multi-lineage differentiation – Diabetes – spinal cord injury (SCI).