E-Book

E-Book 3rd Congress

  • Effect of cigarette smoking on bacterial infections: a review study
  • Narjes Seddighi,1,* Aida Khoshdaman,2 Mohammad Rezaei,3 Ali Massoudifar,4 Ali Salimi Asl,5
    1. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
    2. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Para-Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
    3. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
    4. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
    5. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran


  • Introduction: Introduction: Despite great advances that have occurred in the prevention of bacterial infections, they are still considered the most common reason for mortality worldwide. According to the data from the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2017, around 15% of pediatric mortality was caused by bacterial infections. Since cigarette smoke can cause serious damage to the organs such as the respiratory system and the weakening of the immune system, the present review study aims to investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on various bacterial pneumonia.
  • Methods: Method: the present review study was performed on 90 articles, obtained through a search in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar using keywords of bacterial pneumonia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus, pseudomonas, legionella, Mycoplasma, chlamydia, tuberculosis, and cigarette.
  • Results: Result: different results of previous studies indicated that given the detrimental effect of cigarettes on the respiratory and immune systems of individuals, cigarette smoking affects the prognosis and outcome of infectious diseases. Disease severity, requiring hospitalization at both general and intensive care units (ICU), and mortality rate vary across these patients, thereby challenging the treatment. Thus, cessation of cigarette smoking may help improve the respiratory system function.
  • Conclusion: Given the different results obtained from previous studies, exposure to cigarette smoke affects the respiratory system and increases the severity of bacterial pneumonia.
  • Keywords: cigarette, smoking, Bacterial Pneumonia