E-Book

E-Book 3rd Congress

  • Botulinum toxin in the treatment of gential disorders Review Article
  • shokoufeh varmaziyar,1 Haniye Fayezi,2,*
    1. B.sc student of Microbiology Islamic Azad University of Shiraz
    2. M.sc student of Pathogenic Microbes Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch


  • Introduction: Botulinum toxin type BoNT-A produced by Clostridium botulinum is a potent neurotoxin, commonly known as Botox, for more than 30 years it has played an important role in the field of medicine, especially in the treatment of diseases of the lower infectious tract. This potent neurotoxin, derived from Clostridium botulinum, has revolutionized the management of various medical conditions through its ability to selectively inhibit the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, thereby providing therapeutic benefits. During the last three decades, the use of botulinum toxin in urological practice has expanded significantly. Initially, it was primarily used to manage neurogenic detrusor overactivity, but its uses have since expanded to include various lower urinary tract disorders, including overactive bladder, interstitial cystitis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia. By targeting the root cause of these conditions, Botox injections may provide long-term relief and improve the overall quality of life for sufferers. By targeting specific muscles in the pelvic floor and genital area, Botox can effectively relax overactive muscles and reduce symptoms associated with genital disorders.
  • Methods: Intravesical injections of botulinum toxin (BoNT) are effective in reducing urinary urgency and incontinence.It temporarily inhibits detrusor contraction by blocking the release of acetylcholine (Ach) from the preganglionic and postganglionic nerves. BoNT-A also blocks ATP release from purinergic nerves in the detrusor muscle. In the tracheal nerve, BoNT-A injection significantly reduces ATP release in the urothelium and increases nitric oxide (NO) release from the urothelium. BoNT-A injection into the urethra or bladder can beused to treat conditions such as detrusor-sphincter dysjunction, neurogenic or idiopathic detrusor overactivity incontinence, bladder hypersensitivity, overactive bladder, and interstitial cystitis/chronic pelvic pain.
  • Results: Recent advances in the formulation and delivery of botulinum toxin have improved its therapeutic potential, leading to improved patient outcomes and increased prescribed comfort. In addition, ongoing research continues to examine innovative applications of botulinum toxin, revealing promising prospects for its continued evolution in the management of low urinary tract disorders. Clinical evidence collected over the years has consistently demonstrated the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin in the treatment of lower urinary tract disorders. The targeted action of this toxin on the detrusor muscle has provided relief for patients suffering from urinary incontinence and urgency with the desired side effect profile.
  • Conclusion: Consequently, the evolving landscape of research and medical innovation continues to uncover new potential applications for botulinum toxin A in the treatment of genital tract disorders. As more studies and clinical trials progress, integrating Botox into the treatment paradigm for theseconditions promises a brighter future for patients and healthcare providers alike. In conclusion, a 30-year review of botulinum toxin in lower urinary tract disorders underscores its enduring and evolving impact on the medical landscape. With a strong safety and efficacy profile, botulinum toxin is the cornerstone of comprehensive management of lower urinary tract disorders, along with ongoing research and advances.
  • Keywords: Botulinum toxin, Urogenital Disorders, Botox, Clostridium botulinum