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E-Book 3rd Congress

  • Subliminal and root regrowth Using stem cells
  • zakiyeh khosravi,1,*
    1. medical


  • Introduction: In recent decades, several studies have been conducted in the direction of isolating dental stem cells, while still the nature The mesenchyme of these cells has not been discussed and studied; the purpose of writing this article is to investigate tooth reconstruction in old age different by using mesenchymal cells extracted from dental pulp and also studying the successful experiments conducted in this field Is. In the current study, the third molar teeth of adults between 25-18, which were extracted for various reasons such as orthodontics, prophylactic, etc. were used.. the follicle and pulp of these teeth after being extracted and stored in the laboratory under certain conditions were cultured and after checking in the first and second passages, in the third passage, they were examined genetically with the help of flow cytometry were placed. Also, this issue can be seen in the milk teeth of children between 6-11, which after collecting and placing in the laboratory environment The pulp and follicle of the teeth were separated from it and were cultured in the laboratory under special conditions and subjected to genetic analysis. gave According to the discoveries mentioned in the above article, it is necessary to mention that mesenchymal cells of teeth, including mesenchymal cells Third molar teeth are a very rich source of dental pulp cells, which after collecting, culturing and passaging them in the conditions It can be found that these cells are found in all people (adults, children and even fetuses) and the possibility of using this Cells are unlimited in any period. The hidden point that can be found in the use of these cells is the optimal function of these cells in medical science because of all the harms. And predictable problems in implants and... are far away. Also, another potential advantage of these cells is their high compatibility Dealing with the immune system, which makes it easier to do this because these cells are recognized as the immune system and after planting, the possibility of being rejected by safety messages is very low; and this is the reason why the use of Another tooth pulp should be feasible and far from dangerous for the said person
  • Methods: 14 samples from the pulp and 6 samples from the third molar dental follicle of adults between 18 and 25 years old were collected. They were extracted due to malocclusion or orthodontic treatment with expert diagnosis and with the prior consent of the patients. These teeth are missing There were caries or previous restorations and all the patients were healthy and did not have any systemic disease. The tooth samples were placed in tubes containing 1640 RPMI, Gibco containing x2 antibiotics (2 times the strength of penicillin and streptomycin, Gibco) and transferred to the molecular cell laboratory at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius. Revealing the pulp chamber, the teeth were cut from the enamel-cement connection by a carbide disc and a handpiece. And after that, the pulp was separated from the teeth with a fine file from the pulp chamber; then to culture pulp and follicle tissue cells by No. 10 surgical blade, these cells were divided into smaller pieces, and then they were placed in Falcon containing 4 mg/ml collagen type solution (I sigma, 104 mg/ml dispase type solution) (Gibco) with a ratio of 1 1/ for 45 They were kept at 37 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes, and then they were added to the lysed tissue of the culture medium and incubated for 10 minutes with Around 600 grams were centrifuged. The resulting cell plate with a mixed culture medium and after transferring to a suitable zvt in an incubator with a temperature of 37 degrees Celsius and 5 atmospheres And 2% CO2 was cultivated. This culture medium was changed every two days until 70% of the bottom of the plate was filled with cells, when the bottom of the plate was 70% filled. The samples were passaged with EDTA _trypsin. and finally from flow cytometry analysis to investigate the phenotypic profile of surface markers and the nature of stem cells from the tissue The pulp and follicle of the third molar tooth were used. For this purpose, the cells were placed in the third passage of trypsin and in the form of a suspension in one milliliter (saline buffer phosphate (PBS) with a concentration of 1000000). Then the cells were divided into 6 tubes and 5 µI of PE with antibody was added to each tube and the tubes were then kept at 4 degrees Centigrade for 30 minutes in a dark environment and after this period the cells were washed with 1 ml of washing buffer. and centrifuged at 1200 MPR for 5 minutes, after which each cell sample was washed in 1300 µ to 1500 µ of washing buffer. Donors were suspended and analyzed by flow cytometry
  • Results: According to the mentioned cases, it can be said that pulp mesenchymal stem cells are also present in adult cells. There are teeth because after a dental injury, the pulp of the tooth to repair the damaged area by building and depositing The dentin matrix initiates reparative dentinogenesis. This reparative process takes place throughout a person's life, which This indicates the presence of mesenchymal cells in the dental pulp of adults and the ability to form odontoblast under the influenceThe signals are appropriate But in general, the potential of adult stem cells is not as high as that of fetal and childhood stem cells, for this reason, for regeneration To restore teeth, it is better to extract mesenchymal cells from the root of the embryonic tooth (from the gums, especially from the posterior gums). or the use of mesenchymal stem cells of milk teeth, these cells, as said, are not suitable for any category The age group is not limited and even the ability to donate these cells from one person to another is possible and the condition of donating teeth The complete health of the person and the donor's teeth, which can be used even in adults, where most people They have lost their milk teeth (except for latent milk teeth) from the gene of mesenchymal stem cells of children or fetuses. Use to repair and restore teeth In the laboratory method of mesenchymal stem cells in adults, although they have the possibility of repair or regeneration, but after When they are separated from the patient, they must first go to the laboratory environment and after strengthening and differentiating them to another person as a recipient. Alograp or Xenograp is injected, but due to the many problems that take a long time during strengthening and injection The lower potential and compatibility of these cells may cause problems such as early tooth decay, tooth loss, and system attack. Immunity to these cells through immune response and... In this regard, it can be said to use the method Secondary (experiment: laboratory cultivation of mesenchymal cells of milk teeth) more functionality and efficiency in this field of work have. And due to the problematic factors that exist in the mesenchymal cells of adults, this ideal protocol for humans is relatively far from its application. Recently, with the discovery of a gene called DIK1, in the new methods, how the bone cells are activated and the tissue regeneration in the repair. The teeth can be informed and undergo a shorter treatment period in the restoration of teeth using stem cells.) The above-mentioned test for the restoration and reconstruction of teeth has gone through a relatively long period. With the activation of the stem cells, these cells can send messages to the main cells that lead to the activation of regenerative cells and Amplification helps a lot (this work is also possible by using low power lasers) as a result of these cells in the form Removing dentin (hard tooth tissue) helps a lot.
  • Conclusion: So it can be said that tooth regrowth is a reality, not an ideal, considering that teeth are made of two types of tissues It is formed differently, logically, making a tooth requires communication and cooperation with epithelial cells and odontogenic mesenchyme. Is. Recombination of epithelial tissue and dental mesenchyme leads to tooth formation both in vitro and in vivo. Combined cells are able to organize and form individual layers and are also able to differentiate into odontoblasts and They also have amyloblasts. In order to make a complete tooth that has enamel and dentin, epithelial and mesenchymal cells respectively in collagen gel solution It is inserted and then implanted inside the oral cavity and with this technique the presence of all dental structures such as odontoblasts, Amyloblast, pulp, blood vessels, crown, root, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone can be seen, so planting this mass Dental (mesenchyme + epithelial cells) leads to the development of maturity and regrowth of teeth. Stem cells are vital for the physiology of dental pulps and for the response of these tissues to the accident. Recent findings show have given that dental pulp stem cells can be used as possible therapeutic targets in cases of reversible pulpitis act Most importantly, these cells may be the main solution for the regeneration of necrotic immature permanent teeth become Such findings have the potential to fundamentally change the paradigms of conservative living pulp treatments and therapies create roots, and maybe allow in the future to treat problems that arise during the processes that occur in engineering Medicine has been passed and they will be curable. Therefore, endodontists should be aware of the potentials of this branch of endodontic reconstruction It is emerging as well as the possibility of collecting stem cells during traditional dental treatments that can be used for In the future, the treatments originating from the patient's own body should be recognized Also, regarding the storage of dental stem cells, it can be said that the process of storing stem cells is taken Patient's milk teeth and wisdom teeth may be one of the strategies to understand the possibility of cell-based regeneration treatment be the fundamental teeth. Recently, dental tissue cell storage has been planned and planned in several branches of dentistry It has been implemented in several countries. Today, we can use baby teeth to store dental stem cells Let's collect the house, which, of course, is accompanied by the following instructions: There should be blood flow when the tooth comes out - that is, some bleeding when the tooth comes out The tooth must be stored using cultured cell services so that laboratory tests can be performed on it To confirm the presence of stem cells before freezing. So it can be said that using engineering and modern methods, it is possible to use mesenchymal stem cells extracted from the pulp. Teeth and baby teeth are used to repair tooth tissues under tissues that have mesenchyme and connective tissue and with this Humans at any age are able to regrow their teeth using the mesenchymal stem cell gene , And the point in It is worth noting that the use of mesenchyme gene is not restricted from one person to another (no age limit) and this is another point It is that the use of this method if the mesenchyme gene used is healthy, unlike the implant, there are no restrictions And it is not harmful, and replacing this method, instead of today's methods, dentists can use it more efficiently and optimally have more.
  • Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells - dental pulp - dental follicle