E-Book

E-Book 3rd Congress

  • Examining the challenges of using exosomes as a diagnostic option for diseases related to the immune system
  • Fatemeh Behdarvand,1 Hossein Rezvan,2,*
    1. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of veterinary Sceince, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
    2. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of veterinary Sceince, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran


  • Introduction: Small extracellular vesicles called exosomes have gained interest as potential diagnostic indicators for illnesses linked to the immune system. Their non-invasiveness and capacity to transport a wide range of disease-associated chemicals, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, provide them with several advantages over traditional diagnostic techniques. Notwithstanding these encouraging attributes, many obstacles prevent the clinical translation of exosome-based biomarkers from being widely used.
  • Methods: Several obstacles stand in the way of the clinical translation of exosome-based biomarkers. These include challenges related to cost and accessibility, challenges related to exosome profiling technology, challenges related to variation and heterogeneity, challenges related to standardization and reproducibility, challenges in establishing a clear correlation with disease activity and prognosis, validation of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and the need for a thorough understanding of exosomes' role in disease pathogenesis. The complicated makeup of bodily fluids makes it difficult to isolate and purify exosomes and increases the risk of contamination from other substances and cell types. Because exosomes show considerable biological change over time within the same individual as well as between people, variation and heterogeneity also provide issues. For biomarker studies to be deemed credible, standardization and repeatability are essential. Furthermore, it is still unclear exactly how exosome levels relate to the onset or course of a disease, and further investigation is required to find strong biomarkers that can accurately gauge the severity of a condition and forecast its course.
  • Results: Exosomes, which are extracellular vesicles, have attracted a lot of interest as possible biomarkers for immune-related illness detection. Their non-invasive nature and capacity to transport a wide range of disease-associated chemicals provide encouraging advantages over traditional diagnostic techniques. Nonetheless, several obstacles impede the practical use of biomarkers based on exosomes. Furthermore, it is still unclear exactly how exosome levels relate to the onset or course of a disease, and further investigation is required to find strong biomarkers that can accurately gauge the severity of a condition and forecast its course.
  • Conclusion: Exosome-based biomarkers have great potential to transform the diagnosis of immune-related disorders, notwithstanding several difficulties. Exosomes have the potential to be effective instruments for early identification, individualized therapy, and better patient outcomes if these issues are resolved and cooperative efforts between researchers, physicians, and diagnostic businesses are encouraged.
  • Keywords: challenges-exosomes-immune system